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Executive Order 12560 Constitutional Neutral (+0.02)

Executive Order 12560—Administration of Foreign Relations and Related Functions

Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan
•
Saturday, May 24, 1986
•
5 min read (909 words)

Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis

Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.

This executive order, signed by President Ronald Reagan on 1986-05-24, establishes federal administrative policy concerning "Administration of Foreign Relations and Related Functions." It outlines operative directives for executive department officers, delegating enforcement responsibilities and establishing official governance guidelines.

Constitutional Assessment: Scrutinized through Article II, Section 2, this action exercises the President's constitutional role as Commander in Chief. Early Framers recognized broad executive discretion in commanding military forces during conflict, provided it remains bounded by congressional declarations and respects civilian domestic courts.

Key Directives & Operative Actions

▪ By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the statutes of the United States of America, including section 621 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C.
▪ 12163, as amended, is further amended to read as follows: "(3) section 505(a) relating to other provisions which may be required by the President, and sections 505(d), (e), (f) and (g) of the Act.".
▪ 12163, as redesignated by this Order, is further amended by inserting immediately after "(Public Law 98-525)" the phrase "as amended by section 306 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 (Public Law 99-145),".
▪ 12163, as amended, as redesignated by this Order, is further amended by deleting "(other than chapter 4 thereof)".

Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted

🏛️ Armed Forces & Military Establishments 🏛️ Sovereign State Governments & Localities 🏛️ Executive Departments & Federal Civil Servants 🏛️ Private Citizens & Property Owners 🏛️ Foreign Nations & International Entities
Total Words
909
5,575 characters
Estimated Read Time
5 min
@ 200 words / min
Flesch-Kincaid
15
Post-Grad reading level
Constitutional Polarity
+0.02
Framers' Alignment index
📜

Scholarly & Legal Citations 

Exec. Order No. 12560, Ronald Reagan (May 24, 1986). Available at https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-12560-administration-foreign-relations-and-related-functions.

Official Document Text

Source: The American Presidency Project (UCSB Archive)

Original Source →
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the statutes of the United States of America, including section 621 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C. 2381), and section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, and in order to delegate certain functions concerning foreign assistance to the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, and the Director of the International Development Cooperation Agency, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Section 1-102(a) of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended by deleting paragraph "(6)" and adding the following new paragraphs at the end thereof: "(6) section 903(b) of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 (hereinafter referred to as "ISDCA of 1985"); "(7) section 709 of the ISDCA of 1985, which authority shall be exercised in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense; "(8) sections 1205(b) and 1210 of the ISDCA of 1985;" "(9) section 541 of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1986 (as enacted in Public Law 99-190), to be exercised by the Administrator of the Agency for International Development within IDCA;" and "(10) the first proviso under the heading "Population, Development Assistance" contained in Title II of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1986 (as enacted in Public Law 99-190), to be exercised by the Administrator of the Agency for International Development within IDCA.". Sec. 2. Section 1-201(a) of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended by deleting paragraphs "(7)", "(22)", "(23)", "(25)", "(26)", and "(27)", renumbering the remaining paragraphs accordingly, and inserting the following new paragraphs at the end thereof: "(23) sections 462, 464(d)(2), 620E(e), and 660(d) of the Act; "(24) section 129(b) of the ISDCA of 1985, which shall be exercised in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency; "(25) sections 207, 552(b), 611, 612(a), 617(c), 702(c), 703(a), 705(b) and (c), 706, 722(j), 813(b) and 1008 of the ISDCA of 1985;". Sec. 3. Section 1-201(a) of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended by deleting "481, and 502B," from paragraph (1) and inserting "section 305" in lieu thereof, and inserting the following new paragraphs at the end thereof: "(26) chapter 8 of part I of the Act, except for section 481(h), which is reserved to the President"; "(27) section 502B of the Act;" and "(28) sections 527, 528, 537, 543 and 547 of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1986 (as enacted in Public Law 99-190).". Sec. 4. Section 1-201(a)(3)of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended to read as follows: "(3) section 505(a) relating to other provisions which may be required by the President, and sections 505(d), (e), (f) and (g) of the Act.". Sec. 5. Section 1-201(a)(22) of Executive Order No. 12163, as redesignated by this Order, is further amended by inserting immediately after "(Public Law 98-525)" the phrase "as amended by section 306 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 (Public Law 99-145),". Sec. 6. Section 1-201(a)(15)of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, as redesignated by this Order, is further amended by deleting "(other than chapter 4 thereof)". Sec. 7. Section 1-301 of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended by adding the following paragraph at the end thereof: "(e) Those functions conferred upon the President under section 616 of the ISDCA of 1985.". Sec. 8. Section 1-301(e) of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended to read as follows: (c) "Those functions under section 634A of the Act, to the extent they relate to notifications to the Congress concerning changes in programs under part II of the Act (except chapters 4, 6, and 8 thereof) and under the Arms Export Control Act, as amended, subject to prior consultation with the Secretary of State.". Sec. 9. Section 1-701(d) of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is further amended by inserting "465(b)" immediately after "303," and by inserting "552(c), 552(e)," immediately after "506(a),". Sec. 10. Section 1-701(g) of Executive Order No. 12163, as amended, is amended to read as follows: "(g) Those under sections 130, 131, 504 and 505 of the ISDCA of 1985 and under section 529 of the Foreign Assistance and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1986.". Sec. 11. Section l(d) of Executive Order No. 11958, as amended, is further amended to read as follows: "(d) Those under Sections 22(a), 29, 30 and 30A of the Act to the Secretary of Defense.". Sec. 12. Section l(e) of Executive Order No. 11958, as amended, is further amended to read as follows: "(e) Those under Section 23 of the Act to the Secretary of Defense, to be exercised in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury, except that the President shall determine any rate of interest to be charged which is less than the market rate of interest.". Sec. 13. Section l(f) of Executive Order No. 11958, as amended, is further amended to read as follows: "(f) Those under Sections 24, 27, and 28 of the Act to the Secretary of Defense. The Secretary of Defense, in implementing the functions delegated to him under Sections 24 and 27, shall consult with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury.". RONALD REAGAN The White House, May 24, 1986. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 11:38 a.m., May 27, 1986]