Under authority of the act of Congress approved June 4, 1897 (30 Stat. 11, 36; U.S. Code, title 16, sec. 473), the act of March 1, 1911 (36 Stat. 962-963; U.S. Code, title 16, sec. 521), and the act of June 28, 1930 (46 Stat. 827-828), and on the recommendation of the Secretary of Agriculture, it is hereby ordered that the following- described lands be, and the same are hereby, added to and made a part of the Ocala National Forest as defined by proclamation of October 17, 1927 (45 Stat. 2927), and a part of the Ocala National Game Refuge as defined by proclamation of July 24, 1930 (46 Stat. 3031): Beginning at the closing comer between sec. 25, T. 15 S., R. 26 E., and sec. 30, T. 15 S., R. 27 E., Tallahassee meridian, on the southeast line of the F. M. Arredondo Grant; thence N. 0° 34' W. with the line between Marion and Lake Counties 226.81 chs. to a point on the north bank of Juniper Creek; thence with the meanders of the north bank of Jumper Creek N. 48° 04' W. 4.23 chs., N. 63° 54' W. 6.95 chs., N. 88° 54' W. 8.47 chs., S. 66° 00' W. 2.40 chs. to a point one-quarter mile west of the Marion-Lake County line; thence N. 0° 34' W. with a line one-quarter mile west of and parallel to the Marion-Lake County fine 190.85 chs. to a point in the northwest line of the F. M. Arredondo Grant; thence with the northwest, southwest, and southeast boundaries of the F. M. Arredondo Grant to the place of beginning, containing 10,801.12 acres, be the same more or less. HERBERT HOOVER The White House, March 1, 1932.
Executive Order 5814 ⚖️✨ Zone 2: Zone of Twilight Constitutional Neutral (+0.02)
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
Executive Order 5814—Addition of Lands to the Ocala National Forest and the Ocala National Game Refuge, Florida
Executive Brief • At a Glance
⏱️ 1 min read (288 words) •
● In Effect
🎯 Primary Mandate
The following- described lands be, and the same are hereby, added to and made a part of the Ocala National Forest as defined by proclamation of October 17, 1927 (45 Stat. 2927), and a part of the Ocala National Game Refuge as defined by proclamation of July 24, 1930 (46 Stat. 3031): Beginning at the closing comer between sec. 25, T. 15 S., R. 26 E., and sec. 30, T. 15 S., R. 27 E., Tallahassee meridian, on the southeast line of the F. M. Arredondo Grant; thence N. 0° 34' W. with the line between Marion and Lake Counties 226.81 chs. to a point on the north bank of Juniper Creek; thence with the meanders of the north bank of Jumper Creek N. 48° 04' W. 4.23 chs., N. 63° 54' W. 6.95 chs., N. 88° 54' W. 8.47 chs., S. 66° 00' W. 2.40 chs. to a…
⚖️ Constitutional Footing
⚖️✨ Zone 2: Zone of Twilight
Concurrent Authority / Congressional Silence
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
🏛️ Scope & Affected Sectors
Executive Branch Departments General Body of the People
Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis
Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.
Signed by President Herbert Hoover on March 1, 1932, this order concerns Addition of Lands to the Ocala National Forest and the Ocala National Game Refuge, Florida. The following- described lands be, and the same are hereby, added to and made a part of the Ocala National Forest as defined by proclamation of October 17, 1927 (45 Stat. 2927), and a part of the Ocala National Game Refuge as defined by proclamation of July 24, 1930 (46 Stat. 3031): Beginning at the closing comer between sec. 25, T. 15 S., R. 26 E., and sec. 30, T. 15 S., R. 27 E., Tallahassee meridian, on the…
Constitutional Assessment: This action represents an orderly exercise of Article II administrative discretion, managing the internal machinery and personnel of the executive branch without abridging the ancient liberties of the people.
Key Directives & Operative Actions
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The following- described lands be, and the same are hereby, added to and made a part of the Ocala National Forest as defined by proclamation of October 17, 1927 (45 Stat. 2927), and a part of the Ocala National Game Refuge as defined by proclamation of July 24, 1930 (46 Stat. 3031): Beginning at the closing comer between sec. 25, T. 15 S., R. 26 E., and sec. 30, T. 15 S., R. 27 E., Tallahassee meridian, on the southeast line of the F. M. Arredondo Grant; thence N. 0° 34' W. with the line between Marion and Lake Counties 226.81 chs. to a point on the north bank of Juniper Creek; thence with the meanders of the north bank of Jumper Creek N. 48° 04' W. 4.23 chs., N. 63° 54' W. 6.95 chs., N. 88° 54' W. 8.47 chs., S. 66° 00' W. 2.40 chs. to a…
Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted
🏛️ Executive Branch Departments
🏛️ General Body of the People
Policy Areas & Topics
🏛️
The Framers' Constitutional Council
1787 PrismEvaluating this order against the constitutional debates of 1787 and the limits of Article II executive power.
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight)
§
"When the President acts in absence of either a congressional grant or denial of authority, he can only rely upon his own independent powers, but there is a zone of twilight in which he and Congress may have concurrent authority."
— Justice Robert H. Jackson, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952) Concurrent Authority / Congressional Silence
JM
James Madison
Separation of Powers & Legislative Primacy
"Power is of an encroaching nature, and it ought to be effectually restrained from passing the limits assigned to it." — Federalist No. 48 (1788)
Madison would view this order with watchful scrutiny. Operating in the 'Zone of Twilight' where Congress is silent, each such directive establishes an administrative precedent that steadily expands the executive perimeter at the expense of legislative primacy.
Madisonian Stance: Vigilant / Cautionary
AH
Alexander Hamilton
The Energetic Executive & Unified Command
"A feeble Executive implies a feeble execution of the government; and a government ill executed, whatever it may be in theory, must be, in practice, a bad government." — Federalist No. 70 (1788)
Hamilton would view this directive as the natural and indispensable functioning of administrative leadership. Without the power to coordinate agencies, manage personnel, and resolve operational ambiguities, the modern presidency would be reduced to an impotent figurehead.
Hamiltonian Stance: Defends Vigor & Dispatch
GM
George Mason
Bill of Rights, Due Process & 10th Amendment
"The president will be surrounded by flatterers and sycophants... and the great powers of the executive will gradually absorb the liberties of the people." — Cato IV (Anti-Federalist, 1787)
The Anti-Federalist prism advises continuous democratic vigilance. Even routine administrative directives aggregate centralized federal power away from town halls and state assemblies toward a distant executive apparatus.
Anti-Federalist Stance: Eternal Vigilance Required
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Five Measurable "Constitutional Friction" Dimensions
An objective audit measuring potential separation-of-powers tension against the United States Constitution and established Supreme Court doctrine.
⚖️ Discretionary Twilight Zone
33 / 100 friction index
Dimension 1 • Art. I, §1 & §8
Moderate Friction
Legislative Encroachment & Purse
Administers commerce or fiscal programs requiring ongoing statutory delegation and legislative oversight.
Benchmark: Power of the purse, taxes/tariffs, and rule of law reserved to Congress.
Dimension 2 • Art. II, §1 & §3
Low Friction
Executive Scope & Faithfulness
Exercises standard supervisory executive authority to faithfully execute existing statutes.
Benchmark: Faithfully execute laws enacted by Congress vs. unilateral decree.
Dimension 3 • 10th Amendment
Low Friction
Federalism & State Sovereignty
Confined strictly to internal federal jurisdiction, federal property, or direct military command.
Benchmark: Police powers and un-delegated responsibilities reserved to the States.
Dimension 4 • 5th & 14th Amendments
Low Friction
Due Process & Individual Rights
Focuses on internal governmental operations with no direct impairment of private rights or property.
Benchmark: Protection of private property, contracts, liberty, and procedural justice.
Dimension 5 • Separation of Powers
Moderate Friction
Youngstown Jacksonian Tier
The order relies on inherent Article II executive discretion, civil service management, or foreign diplomacy where Congress has neither expressly approved nor prohibited action.
Benchmark: Concurrent Authority / Congressional Silence
⚖️
Audit Synthesis
This order operates within Justice Jackson’s Zone of Twilight, resting upon concurrent presidential authority or congressional silence.
Weighted composite: Art. I (25%), Art. II (25%), Federalism (15%), Due Process (15%), Youngstown (20%).
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How to read these dimensions: Executive power expands whenever an administration acts without explicit statutory authorization from Congress (Article I), touches upon police powers historically reserved to the states (Tenth Amendment), or limits private rights and property without judicial process. A low friction score indicates strict concordance with enacted law; a high friction score highlights orders testing the limits of presidential discretion.
Total Words
288
1,524 characters
Estimated Read Time
1 min
@ 200 words / min
Flesch-Kincaid
5.2
Grade 5
Text size:
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Referenced By Later Executive Orders (1)
Subsequent presidents who cited, amended, continued, or revoked this directive in later orders.
Dwight D. Eisenhower • 1959-11-27
Related Executive Orders
Other executive actions signed by Herbert Hoover around this period.
EO 5813 Feb 29, 1932
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 5813—Withdrawal of Coal Lands, Alaska
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
Subject to valid existing claims, the following lands are hereby temporarily withdrawn from settlement, location, sale, entry, lease, or other disposal and reserved for the purposes of investigation, examination, and classification.
Herbert Hoover Grade 9 • 1m
EO 5812 Feb 29, 1932
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Fidelity (+0.23)
Executive Order 5812—Amendment to the Consular Regulations
📜 Art. II §2: Diplomatic & Foreign Policy Prerogative
Section 544 of the Consular Regulations of 1896 is hereby amended to read as follows: 544. Postage charges. Expenditures for the purchase of postage stamps should be supported in the accounts by a proper voucher on Standard Form 1034, signed by the postmaster as payee or by…
Herbert Hoover High School • 1m
EO 5811 Feb 27, 1932
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 5811—Authorizing the Appointment of Mrs. Wanda Coolidge Carver
📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority
Mrs. Wanda Coolidge Carver may be appointed as under clerk, grade CAF-1, $1,260 per annum, navy yard, Washington, D. C., in lieu of an existing vacancy in the rating of typewriter, grade CAF-1, without regard to the civil-service act or rules.
Herbert Hoover High School • 1m
EO 5809 Feb 27, 1932
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 5809—Revocation of Withdrawal of Public Lands Pending Resurvey, New Mexico
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
Executive Order No. 4843, dated March 23, 1928, which withdrew, with other lands, the public lands in T. 20 N., R. 1 E., New Mexico principal meridian, pending resurvey, be, and the same is hereby, revoked as to stud township.
Herbert Hoover Grade 7 • 1m
EO 5808 Feb 25, 1932
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 5808—Long Lake Migratory Bird Refuge in North Carolina, Enlarged
📜 5th Amend: Regulatory Execution with Due Process
The following-described area in Burleigh and Kidder Counties, N. Dak., be, and the same is hereby, reserved and set apart for the use of the Department of Agriculture as a refuge and breeding ground for birds and wild animals, subject to existing valid rights: Fifth Principal…
Herbert Hoover High School • 2m
EO 5807 Feb 25, 1932
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 5807—Withdrawal of Public Lands for Resurvey, Colorado
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
The public lands in township 11 south, range 96 west of the sixth principal meridian, Colorado, be, and the same are hereby, withdrawn from settlement, location, sale, entry, and all forms of appropriation, pending a resurvey of said township under the act of March 3, 1909 (35…
Herbert Hoover High School • 1m
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Scholarly & Legal Citations
Exec. Order No. 5814 (Mar. 1, 1932), https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-5814-addition-lands-the-ocala-national-forest-and-the-ocala-national-game.
