Under and pursuant to the provisions of the act of Congress approved June 25, 1910 (36 Stat. 847-848; U.S. Code, title 43, sec. 141), as amended by the act of August 24, 1912 (37 Stat. 497; U.S. Code, title 43, sec. 142), and subject to the conditions therein expressed and valid existing rights, it is hereby ordered that the public lands within the following-described areas in the State of Oregon be, and the same are hereby, temporarily withdrawn for classification as to their suitability for migratory bird refuge purposes: Willamette Meridian T. 27 S., R. 29 E., sec. 14, W. ½ SW. ¼; sec. 23, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, SW. ¼, NW. ¼ SE. ¼, and S. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 25, SW. ¼ NE. ¼, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, and S. ½. T. 27 S., R. 29½ E., sec. 29, S. ½ of S. ½; sec. 30, lot 5; sec. 32, NE. ¼; sec. 33, NW. ¼ SW. ¼ and S. ½ SW. ¼; sec. 36, SE. ¼ NE. ¼, NE. ¼ SE. ¼, and SW. ¼ SE. ¼. T. 28 S., R. 29½ E., sec. 1, lots 1 to 9, inclusive; sec. 2, lots 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, and 10. T. 26 S., R. 30 E., north of Harney Lake, sec. 26, S. ½; sec. 27, all not included in Lake Malheur Reservation; sec. 28, all not included in such reservation; sec. 29, all not included in such reservation; sec. 30, all not included in such reservation; sec. 31, all not included in such reservation; sec. 35, all not included in such reservation. T. 27 S., R. 30 E., sec. 3, SE. ¼ SW. ¼ and S. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 8, lots 2 and 3; sec. 17, all not included in Lake Malheur Reservation; sec. 18, SE. ¼ SE. ¼; sec. 19, NE. ¼ NE. ¼, S. ½ NE. ¼, and SE. ¼ SW. ¼; sec. 20, lots 1 to 8, inclusive, and SE. ¼ NE. ¼; sec. 30, lots 3 and 4, and E. ½ W. ½. T. 26 S., R. 31 E., north of Harney Lake, sec. 31, NW. ¼ SE. ¼. T. 26 S., R. 31 E., T. 25 S., R. 32 E., T. 26 S., R. 32 E., T. 26 S., R. 32 E., T. 27 S., R. 32 E., south of Malheur Lake, sec. 30, lots 3, 6, 7; sec. 32, SW. ¼ NW. ¼ and S. ½ S. ½; sec. 33, NW. ¼ SW. ¼, north of Malheur Lake, sec. 6, N. ½ SE. ¼, south of Malheur Lake, sec. 14, SE. ¼ SE. ¼; sec. 22, lot 7; sec. 27, lot 3 and SE. ¼ NE. ¼; sec. 4, lot 1, SE. ¼ NE. ¼ NE. ¼ SE. ¼ and S. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 5, lot 2 and NE. ¼ SW. ¼. T. 25 S., R. 32½ E., sec. 24, lots 2 and 7. T. 25 S., R. 33 E., sec. 20, lots 4 and 5; sec. 21, lot 1 and NW. ¼ SW. ¼; sec. 27, lots 3 and 6, N. ½ NW. ¼, and SE. ¼ NW. ¼; sec. 28, all of W. ½ and SE. ¼ not in Lake Malheur Reservation. T. 26 S., R. 33 E., sec. 3, lots 1, 2, 4, and 10, and SW. ¼ SE. ¼; sec. 10, W. ½ NE. ¼; sec. 14, lots 1 to 6, inclusive; sec. 15, SW. ¼ NW. ¼, SW. ¼, W. ½ SE. ¼, and SE. ¼ SE. ¼; sec. 16, all not included in Lake Malheur Reservation; sec. 17, lots 1, 2, 5, and 6, and E. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 18, lots 1 and 9, and SW. ¼ SE. ¼; sec. 20, lots 1 to 5, inclusive, and SW. ¼ NE. ¼; sec. 21, lots 4 and 5, NE. ¼, N. ½ NW. ¼, and SE. ¼ NW. ¼; sec. 22, all; sec. 23, lots 1 and 2, and NE. ¼ NW. ¼. This order shall continue in full force and effect unless and until revoked by the President or by act of Congress. HERBERT HOOVER The White House, July 16, 1932.
Executive Order 5891—Withdrawal of Public Lands for Classification, Oregon
Executive Brief • At a Glance
The public lands within the following-described areas in the State of Oregon be, and the same are hereby, temporarily withdrawn for classification as to their suitability for migratory bird refuge purposes: Willamette Meridian T. 27 S., R. 29 E., sec. 14, W. ½ SW. ¼; sec. 23, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, SW. ¼, NW. ¼ SE. ¼, and S. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 25, SW. ¼ NE. ¼, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, and S. ½.
Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis
Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.
Signed by President Herbert Hoover on July 16, 1932, this order concerns Withdrawal of Public Lands for Classification, Oregon. The public lands within the following-described areas in the State of Oregon be, and the same are hereby, temporarily withdrawn for classification as to their suitability for migratory bird refuge purposes: Willamette Meridian T. 27 S., R. 29 E., sec. 14, W. ½ SW. ¼; sec. 23, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, SW. ¼, NW. ¼ SE. ¼, and S. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 25, SW. ¼ NE. ¼, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, and S. ½.
Key Directives & Operative Actions
The public lands within the following-described areas in the State of Oregon be, and the same are hereby, temporarily withdrawn for classification as to their suitability for migratory bird refuge purposes: Willamette Meridian T. 27 S., R. 29 E., sec. 14, W. ½ SW. ¼; sec. 23, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, SW. ¼, NW. ¼ SE. ¼, and S. ½ SE. ¼; sec. 25, SW. ¼ NE. ¼, NW. ¼ NW. ¼, S. ½ NW. ¼, and S. ½.
Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted
Policy Areas & Topics
The Framers' Constitutional Council
1787 PrismEvaluating this order against the constitutional debates of 1787 and the limits of Article II executive power.
"When the President acts pursuant to an express or implied authorization of Congress, his authority is at its maximum, for it includes all that he possesses in his own right plus all that Congress can delegate."
James Madison
Separation of Powers & Legislative Primacy
"The constitutional magistracy was designed not to invent policy, but to be the faithful instrument of the laws passed by the people's representatives." — Speech in the First Congress (1789)
Madison would approve the structural posture of this order. The President acts strictly in subordination to statutory authority granted under Article II, Section 3 ("take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed"). The checks and balances hold firm because the policy origin remains with the legislature.
Alexander Hamilton
The Energetic Executive & Unified Command
"A feeble Executive implies a feeble execution of the government; and a government ill executed, whatever it may be in theory, must be, in practice, a bad government." — Federalist No. 70 (1788)
Hamilton would view this directive as the natural and indispensable functioning of administrative leadership. Without the power to coordinate agencies, manage personnel, and resolve operational ambiguities, the modern presidency would be reduced to an impotent figurehead.
George Mason
Bill of Rights, Due Process & 10th Amendment
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." — 10th Amendment to the US Constitution (1791)
Mason would scrutinize whether this federal directive intrudes into police powers, land stewardship, or municipal domains historically reserved to local citizens. The Anti-Federalist demand is that federal administration must never supplant state self-governance.
Five Measurable "Constitutional Friction" Dimensions
An objective audit measuring potential separation-of-powers tension against the United States Constitution and established Supreme Court doctrine.
Legislative Encroachment & Purse
Operates within delegated statutory execution without modifying legislative appropriations or taxing powers.
Executive Scope & Faithfulness
Exercises standard supervisory executive authority to faithfully execute existing statutes.
Federalism & State Sovereignty
Engages state and local partners in cooperative federalism programs.
Due Process & Individual Rights
Focuses on internal governmental operations with no direct impairment of private rights or property.
Youngstown Jacksonian Tier
The President operates strictly as the constitutional Chief Executive, carrying out policy established by Congress with strong statutory backing.
This order operates in close harmony with statutory authority and standard Article II supervisory execution.
Scholarly & Legal Citations
Exec. Order No. 5891 (July 16, 1932), https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-5891-withdrawal-public-lands-for-classification-oregon.