An application having been duly made, pursuant to and in full compliance with the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved Juno 16, 1933, and pursuant to and in full compliance with the provisions of Section 5 of Article VIII of Chapter I of the Code of Fair Competition for the Construction Industry approved January 31, 1934, for approval of the Plumbing Contracting Chapter of said Code, and hearings having been held thereon, and the Administrator having rendered his report containing an analysis of said Plumbing Contracting Chapter and of said Code of Fair Competition as modified by the addition thereto of said Plumbing Contracting Chapter, together with his recommendations and findings with respect thereto, and the Administrator having found that the said Plumbing Contracting Chapter and the said Code of Fair Competition, as modified by the addition thereto of said Plumbing Contracting Chapter, comply in all respects with the pertinent provisions of Title I of said Act, and that the requirements of Clauses (1) and (2) of Subsection (a) of Section 3 of the said Act have been met: Now, Therefore, I, Franklin D. Roosevelt , President of the United States, pursuant to the authority vested in me by Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and otherwise, do adopt and approve the report, recommendations and findings of the Administrator and do order that the said Plumbing Contracting Chapter be and it is hereby approved, and that the previous approval of said Code of Fair Competition for the Construction Industry is hereby modified to include an approval of said Code in its entirety as modified by the addition thereto of said Plumbing Contracting Chapter; Provided , however, that with reference to Article III, Section 1, of this Chapter, the approval herein given is on condition that the Administrator may review or reconsider the provisions of this Section 1 at any time within a period of one hundred Rnd eighty (180) days from the effective date of tliis Chapter, and, upon the basis of such reports, studies or hearings as he may obtain or conduct, may require such modification of, or make such other determination with respect to, the provisions of fHis Section as ho shall by his further order direct; and provided further, that if it shall be represented to the Administrator and he shall determine that the provisions of this section impose undue hardship upon employers or employees or both, within any region or locality, he may at any time grant such stay of or exemption from the provisions of this section within such region or locality as he may determine is necessary to effect note the policy declared by Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT Approval Recommended: Hugh S Johnson Administrator. The White House, May 15, 1934.
Executive Order 6711 ⚖️✨ Zone 2: Zone of Twilight Constitutional Neutral (+0.02)
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
Executive Order 6711-B—Supplemental Code of Fair Competition for the Plumbing Contracting Division of the Construction Industry
Executive Brief • At a Glance
⏱️ 2 min read (474 words) •
● In Effect
🎯 Primary Mandate
I, Franklin D. Roosevelt , President of the United States, pursuant to the authority vested in me by Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and otherwise, do adopt and approve the report, recommendations and findings of the Administrator and do order that the said Plumbing Contracting Chapter be and it is hereby approved, and that the previous approval of said Code of Fair Competition for the Construction Industry is hereby modified to include an approval of said Code in its entirety as modified by the addition thereto of said Plumbing Contracting Chapter; Provided , however, that with reference to Article III, Section 1, of this Chapter, the approval herein given is on condition that the Administrator…
⚖️ Constitutional Footing
⚖️✨ Zone 2: Zone of Twilight
Concurrent Authority / Congressional Silence
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
🏛️ Scope & Affected Sectors
Executive Branch Departments General Body of the People
Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis
Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on May 15, 1934, this order concerns Supplemental Code of Fair Competition for the Plumbing Contracting Division of the Construction Industry. I, Franklin D. Roosevelt , President of the United States, pursuant to the authority vested in me by Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and otherwise, do adopt and approve the report, recommendations and findings of the Administrator and do order that the said Plumbing Contracting Chapter be and it is hereby approved, and that the previous approval of said Code of Fair…
Constitutional Assessment: This action represents an orderly exercise of Article II administrative discretion, managing the internal machinery and personnel of the executive branch without abridging the ancient liberties of the people.
Key Directives & Operative Actions
▪
I, Franklin D. Roosevelt , President of the United States, pursuant to the authority vested in me by Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, and otherwise, do adopt and approve the report, recommendations and findings of the Administrator and do order that the said Plumbing Contracting Chapter be and it is hereby approved, and that the previous approval of said Code of Fair Competition for the Construction Industry is hereby modified to include an approval of said Code in its entirety as modified by the addition thereto of said Plumbing Contracting Chapter; Provided , however, that with reference to Article III, Section 1, of this Chapter, the approval herein given is on condition that the Administrator…
Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted
🏛️ Executive Branch Departments
🏛️ General Body of the People
Policy Areas & Topics
🏛️
The Framers' Constitutional Council
1787 PrismEvaluating this order against the constitutional debates of 1787 and the limits of Article II executive power.
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight)
§
"When the President acts in absence of either a congressional grant or denial of authority, he can only rely upon his own independent powers, but there is a zone of twilight in which he and Congress may have concurrent authority."
— Justice Robert H. Jackson, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952) Concurrent Authority / Congressional Silence
JM
James Madison
Separation of Powers & Legislative Primacy
"Power is of an encroaching nature, and it ought to be effectually restrained from passing the limits assigned to it." — Federalist No. 48 (1788)
Madison would view this order with watchful scrutiny. Operating in the 'Zone of Twilight' where Congress is silent, each such directive establishes an administrative precedent that steadily expands the executive perimeter at the expense of legislative primacy.
Madisonian Stance: Vigilant / Cautionary
AH
Alexander Hamilton
The Energetic Executive & Unified Command
"A feeble Executive implies a feeble execution of the government; and a government ill executed, whatever it may be in theory, must be, in practice, a bad government." — Federalist No. 70 (1788)
Hamilton would view this directive as the natural and indispensable functioning of administrative leadership. Without the power to coordinate agencies, manage personnel, and resolve operational ambiguities, the modern presidency would be reduced to an impotent figurehead.
Hamiltonian Stance: Defends Vigor & Dispatch
GM
George Mason
Bill of Rights, Due Process & 10th Amendment
"The president will be surrounded by flatterers and sycophants... and the great powers of the executive will gradually absorb the liberties of the people." — Cato IV (Anti-Federalist, 1787)
The Anti-Federalist prism advises continuous democratic vigilance. Even routine administrative directives aggregate centralized federal power away from town halls and state assemblies toward a distant executive apparatus.
Anti-Federalist Stance: Eternal Vigilance Required
📐
Five Measurable "Constitutional Friction" Dimensions
An objective audit measuring potential separation-of-powers tension against the United States Constitution and established Supreme Court doctrine.
⚖️ Discretionary Twilight Zone
38 / 100 friction index
Dimension 1 • Art. I, §1 & §8
Moderate Friction
Legislative Encroachment & Purse
Administers commerce or fiscal programs requiring ongoing statutory delegation and legislative oversight.
Benchmark: Power of the purse, taxes/tariffs, and rule of law reserved to Congress.
Dimension 2 • Art. II, §1 & §3
Low Friction
Executive Scope & Faithfulness
Exercises standard supervisory executive authority to faithfully execute existing statutes.
Benchmark: Faithfully execute laws enacted by Congress vs. unilateral decree.
Dimension 3 • 10th Amendment
Moderate Friction
Federalism & State Sovereignty
Engages state and local partners in cooperative federalism programs.
Benchmark: Police powers and un-delegated responsibilities reserved to the States.
Dimension 4 • 5th & 14th Amendments
Low Friction
Due Process & Individual Rights
Focuses on internal governmental operations with no direct impairment of private rights or property.
Benchmark: Protection of private property, contracts, liberty, and procedural justice.
Dimension 5 • Separation of Powers
Moderate Friction
Youngstown Jacksonian Tier
The order relies on inherent Article II executive discretion, civil service management, or foreign diplomacy where Congress has neither expressly approved nor prohibited action.
Benchmark: Concurrent Authority / Congressional Silence
⚖️
Audit Synthesis
This order operates within Justice Jackson’s Zone of Twilight, resting upon concurrent presidential authority or congressional silence.
Weighted composite: Art. I (25%), Art. II (25%), Federalism (15%), Due Process (15%), Youngstown (20%).
ℹ️
How to read these dimensions: Executive power expands whenever an administration acts without explicit statutory authorization from Congress (Article I), touches upon police powers historically reserved to the states (Tenth Amendment), or limits private rights and property without judicial process. A low friction score indicates strict concordance with enacted law; a high friction score highlights orders testing the limits of presidential discretion.
Total Words
474
2,864 characters
Estimated Read Time
2 min
@ 200 words / min
Flesch-Kincaid
50.4
Post-Graduate Legal
Text size:
Related Executive Orders
Other executive actions signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt around this period.
EO 6711 May 15, 1934
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 6711-A—Prescribing Rules and Regulations for the Interpretation and Application of Certain Labor Provisions of Codes of Fair Competition as They May Affect Certain Homeworkers
📜 10th Amend: Intergovernmental Federalism Cooperation
No provision of any Code of Fair Competition heretofore or hereafter approved pursuant to said Title of said Act, shall be so construed or applied as to violate the following rules and regulations which are hereby promulgated and prescribed, to-wit: 1.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Post-Graduate Legal • 2m
EO 6711 May 15, 1934
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 6711—Prescribing a Regulation Prohibiting Dismissal of Employees for Reporting Alleged Violations of Codes of Fair Competition
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
I hereby prescribe the following rule and regulation: No employer subject to a code of fair competition approved under said title shall dismiss or demote any employee for making a complaint or giving evidence with respect to an alleged violation of the provisions of any code of…
Franklin D. Roosevelt College Level • 1m
EO 6710 May 15, 1934
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 6710—Amendment of Executive Order No. 6354 of October 23, 1933, Prescribing Rules and Regulations Under the National Industrial Recovery Act
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
Executive Order No. 6354 of October 23, 1933, prescribing rules and regulations under the National Industrial Recovery Act is hereby amended by striking out the paragraph numbered 1 thereof and inserting in its stead the following paragraph: "Employers engaged only locally in…
Franklin D. Roosevelt Post-Graduate Legal • 2m
EO 6709 May 14, 1934
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 6709—Making Certain Funds Available to the Federal Emergency Relief Administration for the Fiscal Year 1934
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
There is hereby made available to the Federal Emergency Relief Administration for expenditure during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, the sum of $100,000,000 from the sum of $350,000,000 allocated by Executive Order No. GG03, of February 15, 1934, to the said…
Franklin D. Roosevelt High School • 1m
EO 6708 May 11, 1934
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 6708—Authorizing and Directing John Dickinson, Assistant Secretary of Commerce, to Perform the Duties of the Director of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, in Case of Absence, Resignation, etc., of the Director of Said Bureau
📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations
I hereby authorize and direct John Dickinson, Assistant Secretary of Commerce, to perform the duties of the Director of the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce of the Department of Commerce in case of the resignation, absence, or sickness of the Director of said Bureau…
Franklin D. Roosevelt High School • 1m
EO 6713 May 21, 1934
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral
Executive Order 6713—Correction of Description of the Corundu Military Reservation, Canal Zone
📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority
The description of the Corundu Military Reservation be, and it is hereby, corrected to read as follows: Parcel No. 1 Beginning at a point marked by a 1K in. g.i. pipe, painted MIL.
Franklin D. Roosevelt Grade 6 • 20m
📜
Scholarly & Legal Citations
Exec. Order No. 6711 (May 15, 1934), https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-6711-b-supplemental-code-fair-competition-for-the-plumbing-contracting.
