By virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me by the act of June 4, 1897 (30 Stat. 11, 36; title 16, U.S.C., sec. 473), and upon the recommendation of the Secretary of Agriculture, it is ordered that lands within the Blackfeet National Forest in the State of Montana be, and they are hereby, transferred to the Kootenai and Flathead National forests as follows: FROM THE BLACKFEET TO THE KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST All lands within the Blackfeet National Forest lying to the westward of the following-described line: Beginning at a point on the south line of sec.. 9, T. 28 N., R. 25 W., Montana meridian, where the hydrographic divide between the Griffin Creek drainage on the northeast and the Pleasant Valley Creek drainage on the south-west intersects said line; thence in a general northerly direction along the hydrographic divide between the Griffin Creek, Sheppard Creek, Good Creek, Martin Creek, and Le Beau Creek drainages on the east and the Pleasant Valley Creek, Wolf Creek, Fortine Creek, and Sunday Creek drainages on the west, passing over Grubb Mountain, Sanders Mountain, Mount Conner, Elk Mountain, and Ketowka Mountain, to an intersection with the south line of sec. 17, T. 33 N., R. 24 W., Montana meridian; thence easterly along the south line of secs. 16 and 17 to the southeast corner of sec. 16, T. 33 N., R. 24 N., Montana meridian; thence north along the east line of said sec. 16 to an intersection with the present forest boundary; thence following the present forest boundary in a northwesterly, northerly, and northeasterly direction to an intersection with the crest of the Whitefish Range on the north line of sec. 22, T. 35 N., R. 24 W, Montana meridian; thence northerly along the crest of the Whitefish Range, which is the county line between Lincoln and Flathead Counties, Montana, passing over Mount Locke and Bald Mountain, to an intersection with the international boundary between the United States and Canada at boundary monument no. 256. FROM THE BLACKFEET TO THE FLATHEAD NATIONAL FOREST All lands within the Blackfeet National Forest lying in Tps. 25 N., Rs. 21 and 22 W.; secs. 26 N., Rs. 21, 22, and 23 W; secs. 27 N., Rs. 21, 22, 23, and 24 W; the south two-thirds of tps. 26 N., Ra. 23, 24, and 25 W., All Montana meridian; and in addition all lands lying to the eastward of the above described line relating to transfers from the Blackfeet to the Kootenai National forest, except the following-described tracts which are hereby eliminated from the Blackfeet National Forest: T. 33 N., R. 22 W., Montana meridian, SW ¼ sec. 29, S ½ sec. 30, sec. 31, W ½ sec. 32; T. 33 N., R. 23W., Montana meridian, SE ¼ sec. 20, SW ¼ sec. 21, secs. 25 to 36, inclusive; T. 33 N., R. 24 W., Montana meridian, tracts a, b, and c of secs. 24; N ½ NE ¼ NW ¼ NE ¼, N ½ NE ¼ NE ¼, N ½ NE¼ NE ¼ NE ¼, and the NE ¼ SW ¼ NE¼ NE ¼, sec. 25, all sec. 26. It is not intended by this order to remove from a national-forest status any lands other than those described in the preceding paragraph or to place in a national-forest status any public lands which have not hitherto had such a status. The lands above described comprise all of what hitherto has been designated as the Blackfeet National forest, and the effect of the transfers and eliminations herein ordered is to discontinue the Blackfeet National Forest as a separate administrative entity. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT The White House, June 22, 1935.
Executive Order 7082—Transfer of Lands From the Blackfeet National Forest to the Kootenai and Flathead National Forests in the State of Montana
Executive Brief • At a Glance
Lands within the Blackfeet National Forest in the State of Montana be, and they are hereby, transferred to the Kootenai and Flathead National forests as follows: FROM THE BLACKFEET TO THE KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST All lands within the Blackfeet National Forest lying to the westward of the following-described line: Beginning at a point on the south line of sec.. 9, T. 28 N., R. 25 W., Montana meridian, where the hydrographic divide between the Griffin Creek drainage on the northeast and the Pleasant Valley Creek drainage on the south-west intersects said line; thence in a general northerly direction along the hydrographic divide between the Griffin Creek, Sheppard Creek, Good Creek, Martin Creek, and Le Beau Creek drainages on the east and…
Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis
Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 22, 1935, this order concerns Transfer of Lands From the Blackfeet National Forest to the Kootenai and Flathead National Forests in the State of Montana. Lands within the Blackfeet National Forest in the State of Montana be, and they are hereby, transferred to the Kootenai and Flathead National forests as follows: FROM THE BLACKFEET TO THE KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST All lands within the Blackfeet National Forest lying to the westward of the following-described line: Beginning at a point on the south line of sec.. 9, T. 28 N., R. 25 W., Montana meridian, where the…
Key Directives & Operative Actions
Lands within the Blackfeet National Forest in the State of Montana be, and they are hereby, transferred to the Kootenai and Flathead National forests as follows: FROM THE BLACKFEET TO THE KOOTENAI NATIONAL FOREST All lands within the Blackfeet National Forest lying to the westward of the following-described line: Beginning at a point on the south line of sec.. 9, T. 28 N., R. 25 W., Montana meridian, where the hydrographic divide between the Griffin Creek drainage on the northeast and the Pleasant Valley Creek drainage on the south-west intersects said line; thence in a general northerly direction along the hydrographic divide between the Griffin Creek, Sheppard Creek, Good Creek, Martin Creek, and Le Beau Creek drainages on the east and…
FROM THE BLACKFEET TO THE FLATHEAD NATIONAL FOREST All lands within the Blackfeet National Forest lying in Tps. 25 N., Rs. 21 and 22 W.; secs. 26 N., Rs. 21, 22, and 23 W; secs. 27 N., Rs. 21, 22, 23, and 24 W; the south two-thirds of tps. 26 N., Ra. 23, 24, and 25 W., All Montana meridian; and in addition all lands lying to the eastward of the above described line relating to transfers from the Blackfeet to the Kootenai National forest, except the following-described tracts which are hereby eliminated from the Blackfeet National Forest: T. 33 N., R. 22 W., Montana meridian, SW ¼ sec. 29, S ½ sec. 30, sec. 31, W ½ sec. 32; T. 33 N., R. 23W., Montana meridian, SE ¼ sec. 20, SW ¼ sec. 21, secs. 25 to 36, inclusive; T. 33 N., R. 24 W.…
The lands above described comprise all of what hitherto has been designated as the Blackfeet National forest, and the effect of the transfers and eliminations herein ordered is to discontinue the Blackfeet National Forest as a separate administrative entity.
Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted
Policy Areas & Topics
The Framers' Constitutional Council
1787 PrismEvaluating this order against the constitutional debates of 1787 and the limits of Article II executive power.
"When the President acts pursuant to an express or implied authorization of Congress, his authority is at its maximum, for it includes all that he possesses in his own right plus all that Congress can delegate."
James Madison
Separation of Powers & Legislative Primacy
"The constitutional magistracy was designed not to invent policy, but to be the faithful instrument of the laws passed by the people's representatives." — Speech in the First Congress (1789)
Madison would approve the structural posture of this order. The President acts strictly in subordination to statutory authority granted under Article II, Section 3 ("take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed"). The checks and balances hold firm because the policy origin remains with the legislature.
Alexander Hamilton
The Energetic Executive & Unified Command
"A feeble Executive implies a feeble execution of the government; and a government ill executed, whatever it may be in theory, must be, in practice, a bad government." — Federalist No. 70 (1788)
Hamilton would view this directive as the natural and indispensable functioning of administrative leadership. Without the power to coordinate agencies, manage personnel, and resolve operational ambiguities, the modern presidency would be reduced to an impotent figurehead.
George Mason
Bill of Rights, Due Process & 10th Amendment
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." — 10th Amendment to the US Constitution (1791)
Mason would scrutinize whether this federal directive intrudes into police powers, land stewardship, or municipal domains historically reserved to local citizens. The Anti-Federalist demand is that federal administration must never supplant state self-governance.
Five Measurable "Constitutional Friction" Dimensions
An objective audit measuring potential separation-of-powers tension against the United States Constitution and established Supreme Court doctrine.
Legislative Encroachment & Purse
Operates within delegated statutory execution without modifying legislative appropriations or taxing powers.
Executive Scope & Faithfulness
Exercises standard supervisory executive authority to faithfully execute existing statutes.
Federalism & State Sovereignty
Engages state and local partners in cooperative federalism programs.
Due Process & Individual Rights
Focuses on internal governmental operations with no direct impairment of private rights or property.
Youngstown Jacksonian Tier
The President operates strictly as the constitutional Chief Executive, carrying out policy established by Congress with strong statutory backing.
This order operates in close harmony with statutory authority and standard Article II supervisory execution.
Referenced By Later Executive Orders (1)
Subsequent presidents who cited, amended, continued, or revoked this directive in later orders.
Scholarly & Legal Citations
Exec. Order No. 7082 (June 22, 1935), https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-7082-transfer-lands-from-the-blackfeet-national-forest-the-kootenai-and.