22nd & 24th President

Democrat Terms: 1885-1889, 1893-1897

Grover Cleveland

Orders Tracked

173

Avg Words / Order

331

Avg Read Time

~2 min

Avg Sentiment

+0.03

🏛️

Non-Consecutive Term Comparison

Side-by-side analysis of directives, average document length, and Youngstown separation-of-powers alignment across non-consecutive administrations.

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22th Presidency (1885-1889) 86 Orders

Avg Words

347

Read Time

~2 min

Polarity

+0.02

Youngstown Distribution:

Z1: 28 (32.6%) Z2: 58 (67.4%) Z3: 0 (0.0%)

Filter Orders From 22th Presidency →

24th Presidency (1893-1897) 87 Orders

Avg Words

315

Read Time

~2 min

Polarity

+0.03

Youngstown Distribution:

Z1: 22 (25.3%) Z2: 65 (74.7%) Z3: 0 (0.0%)

Filter Orders From 24th Presidency →

⚖️

Youngstown Separation of Powers

1952 Standard

Distribution of orders across Justice Jackson's constitutional tiers:

28.9%

Zone 1 (50)

Statutory Authorization

71.1%

Zone 2 (123)

Zone of Twilight

0.0%

Zone 3 (0)

Lowest Ebb / Friction

Washington Rate Multiplier: 21.6× Washington Baseline

⚖️ Constitutional Alignment & Sentiment

Evaluated strictly through the U.S. Constitution (Articles I–VII) & Amendments from an Early Statesman's prism

173 Scored

4 (2%)

Constitutional Fidelity

Art. II §3 faithful statutory execution & civil liberty protection

169 (98%)

Constitutional Neutral

Routine departmental administration, civil service, executive seals

0 (0%)

Friction & Overreach

Art. I purse/commerce tension, 10th Amend federalism, property takings

Executive Orders Issued (173)showing the 30 most recent

Order Jan 27, 1897

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Rule VI of the civil-service rules is hereby amended by adding to the exceptions from examination in the departmental service a new clause, to read as follows: (d) Assistant Secretary Smithsonian Institution, in charge of United States National Museum. Approved, January 27, 1897.

Grover Cleveland

College Level • 1m

Order Jan 12, 1897

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Civil Service: Classification of the Office of the President

📜 5th Amend: Regulatory Execution with Due Process

That the officers and employees in or under this office included within the provisions of the civil-service law and rules be, and they are hereby, arranged in the following classes: Class A .--All persons receiving an annual salary of less than $720, or a compensation at the…

Grover Cleveland

College Level • 3m

Order Jan 12, 1897

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 5th Amend: Regulatory Execution with Due Process

Hon. JUDSON HARMON, Attorney-General of the United States. DEAR SIR: The bill which has been for some time pending before the Congress providing for the adjustment and extension of the indebtedness of the Pacific railroads to the Government of the United States has been…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Jan 2, 1897

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

Amend Rule V, section 4, prescribing age limitations for the classified service, by striking out the table after the tenth line and substituting therefor the following: Minimum.

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Jan 2, 1897

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Amend Rule VIII by striking out section 12 and substituting therefor the following: Whenever there are no names of eligibles upon a register for any grade in which a vacancy exists, and the public interest requires that it must be filled before eligibles can be provided by the…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Dec 23, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Amend clause 2 (b) of Rule III by adding at the end thereof the following: And all officers and employees in the penitentiary service who are by law subject to classification. Approved: GROVER CLEVELAND.

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order Nov 2, 1896

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendments of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

The civil-service rules as revised May 6, 1896, are hereby amended as follows: Rule I, section 2, clause (b) : In the third line, after the word "act," insert "and these rules;" so that as amended the clause will read: (b) The term" classified service" refers to all that part…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 4m

Order Nov 2, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

No modification of the existing regulations shall be made without the approval of the Civil Service Commission. GROVER CLEVELAND.

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order May 13, 1896

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendments of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

The civil-service rules are hereby amended as follows: Rule III, clause 2 (a), is amended by adding after the words "the light-house service" the words "the life-saving service." Paragraph (b) of the same rule and clause is amended by striking out after the words "who are in…

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order May 7, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 5th Amend: Regulatory Execution with Due Process

That the office of the Interstate Commerce Commission be, and the same is hereby, classified as a part of the classified departmental service, and for the purpose of applying the civil-service rules thereto the officers, clerks, and other employees of said Commission are hereby…

Grover Cleveland

College Level • 2m

Order May 6, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

In the exercise of power vested in him by the Constitution and of authority given to him by the seventeen hundred and fifty-third section of the Revised Statutes and by an act to regulate and improve the civil service of the United States, approved January 16, 1883, the…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 30m

Order Mar 28, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Special Departmental Rule No. 1, clause 3, is hereby amended by striking from the list of places excepted from examination in the Department of the Interior assistant attorneys and law clerks, and these places will hereafter be treated as subject to competitive examination.

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order Mar 28, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

So much of the Executive orders heretofore issued under General Rule III, section 2, clause (c) , as provides for the appointment of members of the board of pension appeals in the Department of the Interior by non-competitive examination is hereby revoked, and these places will…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Mar 20, 1896

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Civil Service: Extension of the Classified Departmental and Indian Services

📜 5th Amend: Regulatory Execution with Due Process

In the exercise of the power vested in the President by the third paragraph of section 6 of the act entitled "An act to regulate and improve the civil service of the United States," approved January 16, 1883, I hereby direct the Secretary of the Interior to amend the…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Jan 18, 1896

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

Section 5 of Customs Rule II is hereby amended by adding thereto the following: (i) Any person appointed to a position which requires only a portion of his time and attention for the performance of its duties, pays him a compensation not exceeding $300 per annum, and permits of…

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order Jan 18, 1896

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

Section 5 of Internal-Revenue Rule IV is hereby amended by adding at the end of the first paragraph thereof the following: And provided further, That whenever an emergency shall arise requiring that a vacant position in any internal-revenue district shall be filled before a…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 2m

Order Dec 2, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

So much of Executive orders heretofore issued under General Rule III, section 2, clause (c), as provides for the appointment of special agents in the Department of Labor by noncompetitive examination is hereby revoked. Approved: GROVER CLEVELAND.

Grover Cleveland

College Level • 1m

Order Dec 2, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Special Departmental Rule No. 1, clause 8, is hereby amended by striking from the list of places excepted from examination in the Department of Labor statistical experts and temporary experts. Approved: GROVER CLEVELAND.

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order Nov 6, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Section 2 of Postal Rule I is hereby amended by inserting after the word "thereto" in line 6 the following: And whenever, by order of the postmaster-General, any post-office shall be consolidated with and made part of another post-office where free delivery is established, all…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 2m

Order Sep 30, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

Lieutenant-General John M. Schofield having reached the age entitling him to relief from active military service, he is, in accordance with the provisions of law, hereby placed upon the retired list of the Army, to date September 29, 1895, with all the pay and allowances…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Sep 20, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 5th Amend: Regulatory Execution with Due Process

That any vacancy in a consulate or commercial agency now or hereafter existing the salary of which is not more than $2,500 nor less than $1,000, or the compensation of which, if derived from official fees, exclusive of notarial and other unofficial receipts, does not exceed…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 2m

Order Sep 16, 1895

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

Special Departmental Rule I is hereby amended to except from examination in the Department of the Treasury, in the Bureau of Printing and Engraving, forty-three compositors and eight pressmen now temporarily employed under authority of the sundry civil act of March 2, 1895…

Grover Cleveland

College Level • 1m

Order Sep 5, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Special Departmental Rule I is hereby amended by striking out from the list of places excepted from examination in all the Departments "bookbinders." Approved: GROVER CLEVELAND.

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order Aug 22, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Government Printing Office Rule II, section 2, is hereby amended by omitting in line I, after the words "under 21," the words "or over 45," and in line 2, after the words "under 18," the words "or over 35." The section as amended will read as follows: 2.

Grover Cleveland

High School • 1m

Order Aug 16, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Civil Service: Withdrawing Compositors and Pressmen From the List of Places to Be Filled By Noncompetitive Examination

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

So much of Executive orders heretofore issued under General Rule III, section 2, clause (c), as provides for the appointment of compositors and pressmen by noncompetitive examination is hereby revoked, and hereafter compositors and pressmen will be appointed by competitive…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Aug 5, 1895

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

Departmental Rule IX, clause 1, paragraph 2, is hereby amended by striking out in line 1 the words "appointed from the appropriate register to" and substituting therefor the word "occupying;" by adding before the word "messenger" in line 2 the following: "engineers, assistant…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Jul 30, 1895

🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendment of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

Special Departmental Rule I is hereby amended by adding to the list of places excepted from examination in the Treasury Department-- In the Bureau of Immigration: One statistician and stenographer, with power to act as immigrant inspector. Approved, July 30, 1895.

Grover Cleveland

College Level • 1m

Order Jul 15, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Civil Service: Classification of the Pension Agencies of the Interior Department

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Jul 15, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Civil Service: Amendment of Classification

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

In pursuance of the authority contained in the third paragraph of section 6 of the act entitled "An act to regulate and improve the civil service of the United States," approved January 16, 1883, the heads of the several Executive Departments are hereby directed to amend their…

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 1m

Order Jul 15, 1895

⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Amendments of Civil Service Rules

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

Section 2 is hereby amended as follows: At the end of the section, after the word "law," add the following proviso: Provided , That appointments to positions at pension agencies shall not be charged to the apportionment. The section as amended will read as follows: 2.

Grover Cleveland

Post-Graduate Legal • 3m

Browse all 173 orders by Grover Cleveland →

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