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Executive Orders Historical Archive
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Official portrait of James A. Garfield
20th President
Republican Terms: 1881-1881

James A. Garfield

Orders Tracked
2
Avg Words / Order
64
Avg Read Time
~1 min
Avg Sentiment
+0.02
⚖️

Youngstown Separation of Powers

1952 Standard

Distribution of orders across Justice Jackson's constitutional tiers:

0.0%
Zone 1 (0)
Statutory Authorization
100.0%
Zone 2 (2)
Zone of Twilight
0.0%
Zone 3 (0)
Lowest Ebb / Friction
Washington Rate Multiplier: 2.0× Washington Baseline

⚖️ Constitutional Alignment & Sentiment

Evaluated strictly through the U.S. Constitution (Articles I–VII) & Amendments from an Early Statesman's prism

2 Scored
0 (0%)
Constitutional Fidelity
Art. II §3 faithful statutory execution & civil liberty protection
2 (100%)
Constitutional Neutral
Routine departmental administration, civil service, executive seals
0 (0%)
Friction & Overreach
Art. I purse/commerce tension, 10th Amend federalism, property takings

Executive Orders Issued (2)

Order May 28, 1881
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

DEAR SIR:* I am directed by the President to inform you that the several Departments of the Government will be closed on Monday, the 30th instant, to enable the employees to participate in the decoration of the graves of the soldiers who fell during the rebellion.

James A. Garfield
High School • 1m
Order Mar 9, 1881
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Reservation of Land for Indian Purposes in California

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

All the unsurveyed portions of township 2 south, range 1 east, San Bernardino meridian, California, excepting any tract or tracts the title to which has passed out of the United States Government, be, and the same are hereby, withdrawn from sale and settlement, and set apart as…

James A. Garfield
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m