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Executive Orders Historical Archive
🎲
Official portrait of Rutherford B. Hayes
19th President
Republican Terms: 1877-1881

Rutherford B. Hayes

Orders Tracked
37
Avg Words / Order
179
Avg Read Time
~1 min
Avg Sentiment
+0.02
⚖️

Youngstown Separation of Powers

1952 Standard

Distribution of orders across Justice Jackson's constitutional tiers:

16.2%
Zone 1 (6)
Statutory Authorization
83.8%
Zone 2 (31)
Zone of Twilight
0.0%
Zone 3 (0)
Lowest Ebb / Friction
Washington Rate Multiplier: 9.3× Washington Baseline

⚖️ Constitutional Alignment & Sentiment

Evaluated strictly through the U.S. Constitution (Articles I–VII) & Amendments from an Early Statesman's prism

37 Scored
0 (0%)
Constitutional Fidelity
Art. II §3 faithful statutory execution & civil liberty protection
37 (100%)
Constitutional Neutral
Routine departmental administration, civil service, executive seals
0 (0%)
Friction & Overreach
Art. I purse/commerce tension, 10th Amend federalism, property takings

Executive Orders Issued (37)showing the 30 most recent

Order Mar 2, 1881
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Reservation of Land for Mission Indians in California

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The following-described lands in California, viz: Sections 26 and 35 in township 10 south, of range 1 west, and sections 2 and 3, in township 11 south, of range 1 west of the San Bernardino meridian be, and the same are hereby, withdrawn from sale and set apart as a reservation…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Feb 22, 1881
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

The SECRETARY OF WAR: In view of the well-known fact that the sale of intoxicating liquors in the Army of the United States is the cause of much demoralization among both officers and men, and that it gives rise to a large proportion of the cases before general and garrison…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Nov 23, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Withdrawal of Land for Suppai (Havasupai) Indians

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The following described country, lying within the boundaries of the Territory of Arizona, viz: Beginning at a point in the middle of Cataract Creek, 2 miles below the lowest fall north of the settlement of the Suppai Indians; thence due east 2½ miles; thence in a southerly…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Sep 21, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Defining Boundaries for Jicarilla Apache Indians

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The tract of country in the Territory of New Mexico, lying within the following-described boundaries, viz: Beginning at the southwest corner of the Mexican grant known as the “Tierra Amarilla grant,"’ as surveyed by Sawyer and McBroom in July, 1876; and extending thence north…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Jul 23, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Canceling Fort Harney Military Reservation

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

Executive Mansion, Washington, July 23, 1880. The Executive order dated December 5, 1872, creating the “Fort Harney military reservation,” in Oregon, is hereby canceled, and the lands embraced therein and as shown on the accompanying plat are hereby made subject to the…

Rutherford B. Hayes
College Level • 1m
Order Jul 13, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Restoration of Tract in Montana to Public Domain

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

The tract of country in the Territory of Montana, being a portion of the tract of country which was set aside by Executive order of the 13th April, 1875, as an addition to the then existing reservation for the Gros Ventre, Piegan, Blood, Blackfeet, and Crow Indians, known as…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Jun 8, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Establishment of Suppai (Havasupai) Reserve

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The following-described country, lying within the boundaries of the Territory of Arizona, viz, beginning at a point in the middle of Cataract Creek, 2 miles below the lowest fall, south of the settlement of the Suppai Indians; thence due east 24 miles; thence in a northerly…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order May 27, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

DEAR SIR: * I am directed by the President to say that the several Departments of the Government will be closed on Saturday, the 29th instant, in remembrance of those who fell in defense of the nation, and to enable the employees to participate in the commemorative ceremonies…

Rutherford B. Hayes
High School • 1m
Order Mar 6, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Adding Land to Territory for Chief Moses

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The tract of country in Washington Territory lying within the following-described boundaries, viz: Commencing at a point where the south boundary line of the reservation created for Chief Moses and bis people by Executive order dated April 19, 1879, intersects the Okinakane…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Jan 6, 1880
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Withdrawing Navajo Territories

📜 Art. II §2: Diplomatic & Foreign Policy Prerogative

The following-described country lying within the boundaries of the Territories of New Mexico and Arizona, viz: Commencing in the middle of the channel of the San Juan River, where the east line of the Navajo Reservation in the Territory of New Mexico, as established by the…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Aug 9, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Returning Sioux Land in Dakota to Public Domain

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

All that portion of the Sioux Indian Reservation in Dakota Territory created by Executive orders dated January 11, March 16, and May 20, 1875, and November 28, 1876, lying within the following-described boundaries, viz: Beginning at a point where the west line of the Fort…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 3m
Order Jun 14, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Expansion of Pima and Maricopa Indian Reservation

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

There be withdrawn from sale and settlement and set apart for the use of said Pima and Maricopa Indians, as an addition to the reservation set apart for said Indians by act of Congress approved February 28, 1859 (11 Stat., 401), the several tracts of country in said Territory…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 2m
Order May 28, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

Washington, May 28, 1879. SIR:* I am directed by the President to say that the several Departments of the Government will be closed on Friday, the 30th instant, in remembrance of those who fell in defense of the nation, and to enable the employees to participate in the…

Rutherford B. Hayes
High School • 1m
Order Apr 19, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Approving Land for Chief Moses

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The tract of country in Washington Territory lying within the following-described boundaries, viz: Commencing at the intersection of the forty-mile limits of the branch line of the Northern Pacific Railroad with the Okinakane River; thence up said river to the boundary line…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Mar 18, 1879
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Establishment of Otter Tail and Pillager Chippewa Reservation

📜 10th Amend: Intergovernmental Federalism Cooperation

The following-described lands, situated in the State of Minnesota, viz: Beginning at the northwest corner of the White Earth Indian Reservation, being the northwest corner of township 146 north, range 42 west, and running thence north to the northwest corner of township 148…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Feb 7, 1879
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Establishment of Ute Indian Reservation in Colorado

📜 10th Amend: Intergovernmental Federalism Cooperation

The following-described tract of country in the State of Colorado, to wit: Commencing at the intersection of the 37th parallel of north latitude with the 107th degree of west longitude; thence east along said parallel to the ridge described in Hayden’s Geographical and…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Feb 4, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

General E. A. MERRITT. MY DEAR GENERAL: I congratulate you on your confirmation. It is a great gratification to me, very honorable to you, and will prove, I believe, of signal service to the country.

Rutherford B. Hayes
High School • 1m
Order Jan 16, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Cancelling Carlin Farms

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The order of May 10, 1877, setting apart as a reservation for the Northwestern Shoshone Indians of Nevada the following-described lands (known as the Carlin Farms), viz: Beginning at the quarter-section corner post on the west boundary of section 6, township 35 north, range 52…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Grade 7 • 1m
Order Jan 10, 1879
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Expansion of Pima and Maricopa Indian Reservation

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

All the public lands embraced within the following boundaries lying within the Territory of Arizona, viz, commencing at the mouth of the Salt River, running thence up the Gila River to the south line of township No. 2 south, Gila and Salt River base-line; thence east with said…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Oct 29, 1878
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Defining Boundaries for Navajo Indians

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The tract of country in the Territory of Arizona lying within the following-described boundaries, viz: Commencing at the northwest corner of the Navajo Indian Reservation, on the boundary line between the Territories of Arizona and Utah; thence west along said boundary line to…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Aug 3, 1878
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Restoration of Portion of Tule River Indian Reservation to Public Domain

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

All of that portion of the Tule River Indian Reservation in California lying within the following boundary, viz: Commencing at a place where a line running due north from a point on the South Fork of the Tule River, 4 miles below the Soda springs on said river, crosses the…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order May 27, 1878
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

SIR:* I am directed by the President to say that the several Departments of the Government will be closed on Thursday, the 30th instant, in respect to the memory of those who fell in defense of the Union, and to enable the employees to participate in the commemorative…

Rutherford B. Hayes
High School • 1m
Order Dec 31, 1877
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

Esq., Marshal of the United States for the District of Rhode Island, Providence, R. I SIR: By virtue of the authority conferred upon me by section 5287 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, and in execution of the same, you are hereby empowered and directed to take…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Nov 2, 1877
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

I lament the sad occasion which makes it my duty to testify the public respect for the eminent citizen and distinguished statesman whose death yesterday at his home in Indianapolis has been made known to the people by telegraphic announcement.

Rutherford B. Hayes
College Level • 1m
Order Sep 29, 1877
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Reserving California Land for Indian Purposes

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The following-described lands in California, to wit, all the evennumbered sections, and all the unsurveyed portions of township 4 south, range 4 east; township 4 south, range 5 east; and township 5 south, range 4 east, San Bernardino meridian, excepting sections 16 and 36, and…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Aug 25, 1877
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Reservation of Lands in California for Indian Purposes

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The following lands in California, to wit, all the even-numbered sections and all the unsurveyed portions of township 2 south, range 1 east, township 2 south, range 2 east; township 3 south, range 1 east; and township 3 south, range 2 east, San Bernardino meridian, excepting…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Aug 25, 1877
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order—Canceling Hot Springs Reservation

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

The order of December 21, 1875, setting apart the following lands in New Mexico as the Hot Springs Indian Reservation, viz: Beginning at a point on the east side of the Canada, about 1,000 yards directly east of the ruins of an ancient pueblo in the valley of Canada Alamosa…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 1m
Order Aug 7, 1877
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

By virtue of authority conferred upon the President of the United States by the provisions of section 2132, Revised Statutes of the United States, as follows: The President is authorized, whenever in his opinion the public interest may require the same, to prohibit the…

Rutherford B. Hayes
Post-Graduate Legal • 2m
Order Jun 22, 1877
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

SIR:* I desire to call your attention to the following paragraph in a letter addressed by me to the Secretary of the Treasury on the conduct to be observed by officers of the General Government in relation to the elections: *Addressed to Federal officers generally, No officer…

Rutherford B. Hayes
College Level • 1m
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