By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 1 of the act of August 1, 1914, 38 Stat. 609, 623 (U.S.C., title 19, sec. 2), it is ordered that the limits of the customs port of entry of Savannah, Georgia (the headquarters port of Customs Collection District Number 17 (Georgia)), be, and they are hereby, extended so as to include the following-described additional area: Beginning at the intersection of the Georgia-Carolina Highway (U.S. No. 17) and Little Back River on the line between South Carolina and Georgia; thence in a general southeasterly direction through Little Back River, Back River, Savannah River and South Channel to the mouth of St. Augustine Creek, a distance of 11.6 miles; thence in a straight line in a southwesterly direction to the intersection of Moore Avenue (old Skidaway Road) and DeRenne Avenue, a distance of 5.8 miles; thence in a straight line in a westerly direction to the intersection of Middle Ground Road and DeRenne Avenue, a distance of 2.7 miles; thence in a straight line in a westerly direction to the intersection of Garrard Avenue and Ogeechee Road, a distance of 2.4 miles; thence in a straight line in a northwesterly direction to the intersection of Louisville Road and Bourne Avenue, a distance of 6.2 miles; thence in a straight line in a northeasterly direction to the intersection of Augusta Road and Augustine Creek, a distance of 4.8 miles; thence in a general easterly direction along Augustine Creek to the Savannah River, a distance of 2.4 miles; thence in a straight line in an easterly direction to Chatham County line on Coastal Highway and Little Back River (the point of beginning), a distance of 1.4 miles. (The territory described is shown on maps filed in the offices of the Bureau of Customs, U.S. Treasury Department, Washington, D.C., and the collector of customs, Savannah, Georgia.) This order shall become effective thirty days from the date hereof. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT The White House, March 5, 1940.
Executive Order 8367 🏛️✅ Zone 1: Maximum Authority Constitutional Neutral (+0.02)
📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution
Executive Order 8367—Extending the Limits of the Customs Port of Entry of Savannah, Georgia, in Customs Collection District Number 17 (Georgia)
Executive Brief • At a Glance
⏱️ 2 min read (332 words) •
● In Effect
🎯 Primary Mandate
The limits of the customs port of entry of Savannah, Georgia (the headquarters port of Customs Collection District Number 17 (Georgia)), be, and they are hereby, extended so as to include the following-described additional area: Beginning at the intersection of the Georgia-Carolina Highway (U.S. No. 17) and Little Back River on the line between South Carolina and Georgia; thence in a general southeasterly direction through Little Back River, Back River, Savannah River and South Channel to the mouth of St. Augustine Creek, a distance of 11.6 miles; thence in a straight line in a southwesterly direction to the intersection of Moore Avenue (old Skidaway Road) and DeRenne Avenue, a distance of 5.8 miles; thence in a straight line in a…
⚖️ Constitutional Footing
🏛️✅ Zone 1: Maximum Authority
Express or Implied Congressional Authorization
📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution
🏛️ Scope & Affected Sectors
Merchants, Importers & Commercial Enterprises Executive Departments & Federal Civil Servants Financial Institutions & Monetary Authorities
Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis
Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.
Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 5, 1940, this order concerns Extending the Limits of the Customs Port of Entry of Savannah, Georgia, in Customs Collection District Number 17 (Georgia). The limits of the customs port of entry of Savannah, Georgia (the headquarters port of Customs Collection District Number 17 (Georgia)), be, and they are hereby, extended so as to include the following-described additional area: Beginning at the intersection of the Georgia-Carolina Highway (U.S. No. 17) and Little Back River on the line between South Carolina and Georgia; thence in a general southeasterly direction…
Constitutional Assessment: This action represents an orderly exercise of Article II administrative discretion, managing the internal machinery and personnel of the executive branch without abridging the ancient liberties of the people.
Key Directives & Operative Actions
▪
The limits of the customs port of entry of Savannah, Georgia (the headquarters port of Customs Collection District Number 17 (Georgia)), be, and they are hereby, extended so as to include the following-described additional area: Beginning at the intersection of the Georgia-Carolina Highway (U.S. No. 17) and Little Back River on the line between South Carolina and Georgia; thence in a general southeasterly direction through Little Back River, Back River, Savannah River and South Channel to the mouth of St. Augustine Creek, a distance of 11.6 miles; thence in a straight line in a southwesterly direction to the intersection of Moore Avenue (old Skidaway Road) and DeRenne Avenue, a distance of 5.8 miles; thence in a straight line in a…
Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted
🏛️ Merchants, Importers & Commercial Enterprises
🏛️ Executive Departments & Federal Civil Servants
🏛️ Financial Institutions & Monetary Authorities
Policy Areas & Topics
🏛️
The Framers' Constitutional Council
1787 PrismEvaluating this order against the constitutional debates of 1787 and the limits of Article II executive power.
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority)
§
"When the President acts pursuant to an express or implied authorization of Congress, his authority is at its maximum, for it includes all that he possesses in his own right plus all that Congress can delegate."
— Justice Robert H. Jackson, Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952) Express or Implied Congressional Authorization
JM
James Madison
Separation of Powers & Legislative Primacy
"The constitutional magistracy was designed not to invent policy, but to be the faithful instrument of the laws passed by the people's representatives." — Speech in the First Congress (1789)
Madison would approve the structural posture of this order. The President acts strictly in subordination to statutory authority granted under Article II, Section 3 ("take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed"). The checks and balances hold firm because the policy origin remains with the legislature.
Madisonian Stance: Concurring (Statutory)
AH
Alexander Hamilton
The Energetic Executive & Unified Command
"The direction of war implies the direction of the common strength; and the power of directing and employing the common strength must be under the direction of the single hand of the Executive." — Federalist No. 74 (1788)
Hamilton would forcefully champion executive discretion here. For foreign entanglements, commerce defense, and national security, deliberative assemblies are too slow and faction-ridden. A unified, energetic Executive exercising swift command is precisely what the Philadelphia Convention intended for national preservation.
Hamiltonian Stance: Supportive of Execution
GM
George Mason
Bill of Rights, Due Process & 10th Amendment
"The president will be surrounded by flatterers and sycophants... and the great powers of the executive will gradually absorb the liberties of the people." — Cato IV (Anti-Federalist, 1787)
The Anti-Federalist prism advises continuous democratic vigilance. Even routine administrative directives aggregate centralized federal power away from town halls and state assemblies toward a distant executive apparatus.
Anti-Federalist Stance: Eternal Vigilance Required
📐
Five Measurable "Constitutional Friction" Dimensions
An objective audit measuring potential separation-of-powers tension against the United States Constitution and established Supreme Court doctrine.
🛡️ High Constitutional Concordance
26 / 100 friction index
Dimension 1 • Art. I, §1 & §8
Moderate Friction
Legislative Encroachment & Purse
Administers commerce or fiscal programs requiring ongoing statutory delegation and legislative oversight.
Benchmark: Power of the purse, taxes/tariffs, and rule of law reserved to Congress.
Dimension 2 • Art. II, §1 & §3
Low Friction
Executive Scope & Faithfulness
Exercises standard supervisory executive authority to faithfully execute existing statutes.
Benchmark: Faithfully execute laws enacted by Congress vs. unilateral decree.
Dimension 3 • 10th Amendment
Low Friction
Federalism & State Sovereignty
Confined strictly to internal federal jurisdiction, federal property, or direct military command.
Benchmark: Police powers and un-delegated responsibilities reserved to the States.
Dimension 4 • 5th & 14th Amendments
Low Friction
Due Process & Individual Rights
Focuses on internal governmental operations with no direct impairment of private rights or property.
Benchmark: Protection of private property, contracts, liberty, and procedural justice.
Dimension 5 • Separation of Powers
Low Friction
Youngstown Jacksonian Tier
The President operates strictly as the constitutional Chief Executive, carrying out policy established by Congress with strong statutory backing.
Benchmark: Express or Implied Congressional Authorization
⚖️
Audit Synthesis
This order operates in close harmony with statutory authority and standard Article II supervisory execution.
Weighted composite: Art. I (25%), Art. II (25%), Federalism (15%), Due Process (15%), Youngstown (20%).
ℹ️
How to read these dimensions: Executive power expands whenever an administration acts without explicit statutory authorization from Congress (Article I), touches upon police powers historically reserved to the states (Tenth Amendment), or limits private rights and property without judicial process. A low friction score indicates strict concordance with enacted law; a high friction score highlights orders testing the limits of presidential discretion.
Total Words
332
1,981 characters
Estimated Read Time
2 min
@ 200 words / min
Flesch-Kincaid
10
High School
Text size:
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📜
Scholarly & Legal Citations
Exec. Order No. 8367 (Mar. 5, 1940), https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-8367-extending-the-limits-the-customs-port-entry-savannah-georgia-customs.
