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Executive Orders Historical Archive
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Official portrait of Jimmy Carter
39th President
Democrat Terms: 1977-1981

Jimmy Carter

Orders Tracked
320
Avg Words / Order
660
Avg Read Time
~3 min
Avg Sentiment
+0.08
⚖️

Youngstown Separation of Powers

1952 Standard

Distribution of orders across Justice Jackson's constitutional tiers:

37.8%
Zone 1 (121)
Statutory Authorization
58.1%
Zone 2 (186)
Zone of Twilight
4.1%
Zone 3 (13)
Lowest Ebb / Friction
Washington Rate Multiplier: 80.0× Washington Baseline

⚖️ Constitutional Alignment & Sentiment

Evaluated strictly through the U.S. Constitution (Articles I–VII) & Amendments from an Early Statesman's prism

320 Scored
68 (21%)
Constitutional Fidelity
Art. II §3 faithful statutory execution & civil liberty protection
239 (75%)
Constitutional Neutral
Routine departmental administration, civil service, executive seals
13 (4%)
Friction & Overreach
Art. I purse/commerce tension, 10th Amend federalism, property takings

Executive Orders Issued (320)showing the 30 most recent

EO 12286 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12286—Responses to Environmental Damage

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-1. National Contingency Plan. 1-101. The National Oil and Hazardous Substance Pollution Contingency Plan (hereafter NCP), originally published pursuant to Section 311 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Public Law 92-500, 33 U.S.C. 1321), shall be the primary vehicle…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 12m
EO 12285 Jan 19, 1981
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Fidelity (+0.55)

Executive Order 12285—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-1. Establishment. 1-101. There is established the President's Commission on Hostage Compensation, hereinafter referred to as the Commission, which shall be composed of not more than nine members who shall be appointed by the President. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12284 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12284—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

As of the effective date of this Order: 1-101. For the purpose of protecting the rights of litigants in courts within the United States, all property and assets located in the United States within the control of the estate of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the former Shah of Iran, or…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12283 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12283—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

As of the effective date of this Order: 1-101. The Secretary of the Treasury shall promulgate regulations: (a) prohibiting any person subject to U.S. jurisdiction from prosecuting in any court within the United States or elsewhere any claim against the Government of Iran…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 2m
EO 12282 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12282—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

As of the effective date of this Order: 1-101. The prohibitions contained in Executive Order 12205 of April 7, 1980, and Executive Order 12211 of April 17, 1980, and Proclamation 4702 of November 12, 1979, are hereby revoked. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 1m
EO 12281 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12281—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Section 1732 of Title 22 of the United…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12280 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12280—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Section 1732 of Title 22 of the United…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12279 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12279—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Section 1732 of Title 22 of the United…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12278 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12278—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Section 1732 of Title 22 of the United…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 5m
EO 12277 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12277—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of the United States, including Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702), Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, Section 1732 of Title 22 of the United…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12276 Jan 19, 1981
⚖️⚠️ Zone 3 (Lowest Ebb) Friction (-0.19)

Executive Order 12276—United States-Iran Agreement on Release of the American Hostages

📜 Art. I §8: Legislative Prerogative Tension (Purse & Commerce)

As of the effective date of this Order: 1-101. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to enter into, and to license, authorize, direct, and compel any appropriate official and/or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as fiscal agent of the United States, to enter into…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 4m
EO 12275 Jan 16, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12275—Design Liaison Council

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-101. To encourage good design within the Federal Government, there is hereby established an interagency Design Liaison Council composed of the heads of the following agencies or their designees: Department of State. Department of the Treasury. Department of Defense.

Jimmy Carter
High School • 2m
EO 12274 Jan 16, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12274—Military Pay and Allowances

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-1. Incentive Pay for Submarine Duty. 1-101. Executive Order No. 11157, as amended, is further amended by revising Section 106 of Part I thereof to read as follows: "Sec. 106(a).

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 5m
EO 12273 Jan 16, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12273—Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

1-101. Section 291(b) of the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement Act of 1964 for Certain Employees, as amended, shall be deemed to be amended (a) by striking out paragraph (1) thereof, and (b) by inserting in lieu thereof the following: "(1) The first cost-of-living increase…

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 1m
EO 12272 Jan 16, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12272—Foreign Service Retirement and Disability System

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

1-101. Section 882(c) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended (22 U.S.C. 1121(c)), shall be deemed to be amended (a) by striking out paragraph (1) thereof, and (b) by inserting in lieu thereof the provisions of Section 8340(c) (1) of Title 5 of the United States Code.…

Jimmy Carter
High School • 1m
EO 12271 Jan 15, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12271—Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

1-101. So much of Section 1-101(h) of Executive Order No. 12258 (relating to the President's Advisory Committee for Women) that reads "Executive Order No. 12050" is corrected to read "Executive Order No. 12135". 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
High School • 1m
EO 12270 Jan 15, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12270—President's Council on Spinal Cord Injury

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

1-101. There is established a President's Council on Spinal Cord Injury which shall be composed of twelve members appointed by the President. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 1m
EO 12269 Jan 15, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12269—President's Committee on Small Business Policy

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

1-101. There is established a President's Committee on Small Business Policy which shall be composed of seven members appointed by the President. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 1m
EO 12268 Jan 15, 1981
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12268—Hostage Relief Act of 1980

📜 10th Amend: Intergovernmental Federalism Cooperation

1-101. The functions vested in the President by Sections 103, 104, 105 and 301 of the Hostage Relief Act of 1980 (5 U.S.C. 5561 note) are delegated to the Secretary of State. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
Grade 9 • 1m
EO 12267 Jan 15, 1981
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12267—Generalized System of Preferences

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

1-101. The Tariff Schedules of the United States are modified by amending the article description for item 652.97 by adding "and parts thereof" to the present article description therefor. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 3m
EO 12266 Jan 15, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12266—Food Security Wheat Reserve

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

1-101. There is hereby established a Food Security Wheat Reserve composed of a reserve stock of wheat, which shall not exceed four million metric tons. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
High School • 1m
EO 12265 Jan 15, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12265—Federal Consumer Programs

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution of the United States of America, and in order to enlarge the membership of the Consumer .Affairs Council from twelve to twenty-four, Section 1-102 of Executive Order No. 12160 of September 26, 1979, is hereby…

Jimmy Carter
High School • 1m
EO 12264 Jan 15, 1981
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12264—Export of Banned or Significantly Restricted Substances

📜 10th Amend: Intergovernmental Federalism Cooperation

1-1. Scope of the Order 1-101. For the purposes of this Order, the term "banned or significantly restricted substance" means: (a) a food or class of food which (1) is adulterated, as defined by rules or orders issued under Sec. 402 (a) or (c) (21 U.S.C. 342(a) or (c)), or (2)…

Jimmy Carter
High School • 15m
EO 12263 Jan 8, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12263—Contribution to Tin Buffer Stock

📜 Art. II §1: Executive Discretion & Internal Operations

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the Statutes of the United States of America, including the Strategic and Critical Materials Transaction Authorization Act of 1979 (93 Stat. 1289; Public Law 96-175) (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") and…

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 1m
EO 12262 Jan 7, 1981
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12262—Interagency Employee Benefit Council

📜 Art. I §8: Delegated Tariff & Commerce Execution

1-1. Establishment of the Council. 1-101. There is established the Interagency Employee Benefit Council. 1-102. The Council shall be composed of the following, or their representatives: (a) The Secretary of the Treasury. (b) The Attorney General. (c) The Secretary of Commerce.

Jimmy Carter
High School • 3m
EO 12261 Jan 5, 1981
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12261—Gasohol in Federal Motor Vehicles

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-101. In procurement actions for unleaded gasoline motor fuel, Federal agencies shall, whenever feasible, specify that gasohol is an acceptable substitute motor fuel. In such procurements there shall be a preference for the purchase of gasohol. 1-102.

Jimmy Carter
College Level • 3m
EO 12260 Amended Dec 31, 1980
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12260—Agreement on Government Procurement

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-1. Responsibilities. 1-101. The obligations of the Agreement on Government Procurement (Agreement on Government Procurement, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 12 April 1979, Geneva (GATT 1979) ) apply to any procurement of eligible products by the Executive agencies…

Jimmy Carter
High School • 2m
EO 12259 Revoked Dec 31, 1980
🏛️✅ Zone 1 (Maximum Authority) Fidelity (+0.44)

Executive Order 12259—Leadership and Coordination of Fair Housing in Federal Programs

📜 10th Amend: Intergovernmental Federalism Cooperation

1-1. Administration of Programs and Activities Relating to Housing and Urban Development. 1-101. All programs and activities of Executive agencies, including agencies which exercise regulatory responsibility, relating to housing and urban development shall be administered in a…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 9m
EO 12258 Dec 31, 1980
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12258—Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees

📜 Art. II §2: Commander-in-Chief Supervisory Authority

1-101. Each advisory committee listed below is continued until December 31, 1982. (a) Committee for the Preservation of the White House; Executive Order No. 11145, as amended (Department of the Interior).

Jimmy Carter
High School • 3m
EO 12257 Dec 18, 1980
⚖️✨ Zone 2 (Zone of Twilight) Constitutional Neutral

Executive Order 12257—Civil Service Status for CETA Participants

📜 Art. II §3: Administrative Management & Civil Service

1-101. Subject to the Civil Service laws, rules, and regulations, Executive agencies may, subject to approval by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, give excepted appointments to qualified persons who have successfully completed job training funded through the…

Jimmy Carter
Post-Graduate Legal • 2m
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